This article describes how to improve the mental abilities of young people in the context of security and development of the state and analyzed the work of foreign education about the intellectual coefficient (IQ).

This study aims to determine the analysis of planning, resource management, implementation and evaluation related to improving the quality of teachers in the implementation of student learning culture at Integrated Islamic Schools at the Al Husnayain Mandailing Natal Indonesia Foundation. Sources of data in this study are Foundation leaders, school principals, teachers. To achieve this goal, researchers used data collection methods with interview techniques, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique is done by reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. Based on field data and analysis of this research, it was found that the Management of Teacher Quality Improvement in the Implementation of Student Learning Culture at the Integrated Islamic School at the Al Husnayain Mandailing Natal Indonesia Foundation was as follows: 1) Planning to improve the quality of teachers in the implementation of student learning culture has been carried out properly according to the education standards of the Integrated Islamic School and according to the Ministry of Education and Cultures curriculum then integrated with the pesantren regulations. Planning in the form of work programs, regulations, regulations, policies, standard operating procedures that have been agreed upon at foundation meetings and school meetings. 2) In the implementation of the organizing function, foundations and school principals demonstrate their democratic nature by giving trust to the curriculum team (division), boarding coaches, student affairs, extracurricular activities, self-development that is formed according to the needs of the school to participate in carrying out tasks mandated by the principal in accordance with the main duties and functions which has been determined in the division of tasks and responsibilities. 3) In the process of implementing teacher quality improvement, all personnel carry out tasks according to work programs such as: implementation of all 12 JSIT standards, further studies, teacher training, teacher and student achievement, implementation of the learning process (lesson plans, evaluation sheets, literacy programs), process learning in the dormitory (mentoring, evaluation evaluation), extracurricular activities (compulsory activities, choice and dormitory activities) 4) The implementation of evaluation of all standards is carried out by the foundation in general and the evaluation of each educational unit and the boarding house is responsible for the principal and the boarder of the dormitory. Regarding the implementation of learning evaluations in class is carried out every day, every week, every month, at the end of the semester which is evaluated by the teacher. implementation of all 12 JSIT standards, further studies, teacher training, teacher and student achievement, implementation of the learning process (lesson plans, evaluation sheets, literacy programs), the learning process in the dormitory (mentoring, assessment evaluation), extracurricular activities (mandatory, optional and boarding activities) 4) Implementation of evaluation of all standards is carried out by the foundation in general and the evaluation of each unit of education unit and the boarding party is responsible for the school principal and boarder of the dormitory. Regarding the implementation of learning evaluations in class is carried out every day, every week, every month, at the end of the semester which is evaluated by the teacher. implementation of all 12 JSIT standards, further studies, teacher training, teacher and student achievement, implementation of the learning process (lesson plans, evaluation sheets, literacy programs), the learning process in the dormitory (mentoring, assessment evaluation), extracurricular activities (mandatory, optional and boarding activities) 4) The implementation of evaluation of all standards is carried out by the foundation in general and the evaluation of each unit of education unit and the boarding party is responsible for the school principal and boarder of the dormitory. Regarding the implementation of learning evaluations in class is carried out every day, every week, every month, at the end of the semester which is evaluated by the teacher. the learning process in the dormitory (mentoring, evaluation evaluation), extracurricular activities (compulsory activities, choice and dormitory activities) 4) Evaluation of all standards is carried out by the foundation in general and the evaluation of each educational unit and the dormitory is responsible for the principal and boarder of the dormitory . Regarding the implementation of learning evaluations in class is carried out every day, every week, every month, at the end of the semester which is evaluated by the teacher. the learning process in the dormitory (mentoring, evaluation evaluation), extracurricular activities (compulsory activities, choice and dormitory activities) 4) Evaluation of all standards is carried out by the foundation in general and the evaluation of each educational unit and the dormitory is responsible for the principal and boarder of the dormitory . Regarding the implementation of learning evaluations in class is carried out every day, every week, every month, at the end of the semester which is evaluated by the teacher.

The twentieth century is one of the most interesting time frames in human history. Two world wars with devastating results, the communist ideology coming to power in many countries, the astonishing scientific and technological developments mark some of the features of this century. All these changess inevitably affected international relations and politics. The United States of America (USA) getting stronger over time, emerged as a super power at the end of the Second World War. The Ottoman Empire which lasted six centuries plays an important role in European history. The Ottoman Empire and Turkey are situated at the intersection of Middle East, Balkans, Eurasia and Caucasus. Jeostrategic location, the rich oil and natural gas resources in the region increase the importance of the region on a global scale. So, the relations between a super power and a regional power is worthwhile analyzing because it influences the balance of power in the region and to some extent, it affects international politics.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational capabilities and strategic management, and the strategic competitive advantage of Ghaemshahr computer school employees. This research was descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of 100 employees of Ghaemshahr computer school in 2017-2018. A sample size of 80 people was selected by straddle random sampling based on gender. Data measurement tools included standard questionnaires of organizational capabilities of Jamshidi et al. (2014), Edward et al.s human resources strategy (2006) and strategic competitive advantage of resident and Ramadan (2011). Experts confirmed the validity of the questionnaires, including supervisors, and by calculating Cronbachs alpha, the reliability of organizational capabilities questionnaires was 0.92, strategic management equal to 0.89 strategic competitive advantage was calculated 0.87%, which showed that the questionnaires had relatively high reliability. The data analysis method used descriptive statistics methods (calculation of frequency, percentages and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Kolmogrov Smirnov test and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient test) through the SPSS 22 software program. The results showed a relationship between organizational capabilities and strategic management and the strategic competitive advantage of Ghaemshahr computer school employees. It also showed an association between organizational capabilities variables with strategic management and competitive advantage.

The study explores immediate impact of COVID-19 lockdown on socio-economic conditions of the returnee migrants in Bangladesh. Using digital platform the study collects primary data through survey on returnee migrants of Bangladesh, and it follows descriptive mode of analysis. The study finds that the majority of the returnee migrant’s family members are dependent on the remittance. The workers return home because of the shutting down of their income sources due to a prolong period of lockdown. After returning home many returnee migrants get harassed by their neighbour and have problems in receiving healthcare services and maintain quarantine. Most of the returnee workers spend their savings to survive during lockdown. After four month of lockdown, the returnee migrants who think about remigration and re-join their previous job, they face several challenges like financial problem, visa renewing, job contract renewing, unavailability of plane tickets, and getting corona negative certificate.

This study aims to analyze policies to tackle the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia, specifically looking at the progressive side of efforts to contain the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The research method used in this research is normative juridical with a statutory approach and the data used in this study are secondary data. Based on the research results, it is known that Covid-19 Government Regulation is a progressive step in handling the Covid-19 case in Indonesia. However, this initial step must be followed by other concrete efforts as a progressive effort to optimize the prevention of the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. Steps to optimize the implementation of governmental coercion in the steps to implement Covid-19 Government Regulation can be in the form of; restrictions on the mobility of goods and people, closure of schools and workplaces, restrictions on religious activities, closure of public facilities, fulfillment of basic needs of the population, and followed up with the drafting of provincial and regencial/municipal regulations.

Ho Chi Minh is a great man whose life, career, ideology and actions are associated with a heroic historical period of the Vietnamese nation. He is not only loved and respected by the Vietnamese people but also admired and honoured by the world. Resolution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization on the 100th anniversary of the birth of President Ho Chi Minh: "The national hero of Vietnam and a great cultural man”. Ho Chi Minhs revolutionary career has left the Communist Party and people of Vietnam invaluable heritage of reasoning on particularly important issues, a including the profound philosophy of human rights, up to now, there remains theoretical and practical values.

ABSTRACT The lack of entrepreneurial opportunities in many organizations and individuals has caused the unemployment rate to increase in the country and a significant share in different fields; employment decreases day by day. In this regard, opportunity recognition is one of the critical pillars of entrepreneurship education that has been considered in entrepreneurship studies in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship education on capability. Identify entrepreneurial opportunities of individuals and organizations regarding the Sari brothers centre, Sari Sister Centre, Farahabad dual-purpose centre of Sari city was selected from technical and vocational training centres. The measurement tool of this study is a questionnaire, and SPSS software for analysis Data was used. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire containing 31 questionnaires, and its validity was done through four experts. Entrepreneurship and dynamics were confirmed by calculating Cronbachs alpha with a coefficient of 0/8056. This research is calculated through Krejcie and Morgan formulasby 59 people. A sample size of 70 experts and trainers with several years of experience in technical and vocational training centres in SariCity were calculated and studied. Based on the results of this study, entrepreneurship education is effective in identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and Entrepreneurship education in six factors of active search, awareness, prior knowledge, social capital, environmental factors and cognitive and individual characteristics of diagnosis.

This study examined the impact of trade liberalization on manufacturing sector performance in Nigeria from 1970 to 2018. A multiple regression model was developed to achieve the study’s objectives with real manufacturing growth rate (RMGR) as proxy for manufacturing sector performance. Import penetration, export penetration, dummy variable for structural adjustment programme alongside other control variables were used. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing for cointegration approach, it was found that all the variables for the model had long run relationship. Furthermore, the ARDL results revealed a mixed impact of trade liberalization on the performance of the manufacturing sector. Specifically, while trade liberalization exerted insignificant positive impact on RMGR in the short run, the impact was positive and statistically significant in the long run. Consequently, the study recommended policies that would encourage the importation of capital goods to enhance manufacturing productivity in Nigeria.

The study investigated stakeholders’ perceptive in accessing Nigerian tertiary institutions’ admission, with a focus on Eredo LCDA, of Lagos State. It investigates; parents’, Jamb tutors’ and students’ perception of problems and ways of providing solutions on accessing tertiary institution admission. The descriptive research design was adopted, while simple random sampling was used to select respondents for the study. A structured questionnaire tagged AHEQ was engaged. Five research questions were answered in the course of the study. The result showed that stakeholder agrees to the challenges and the suggested solutions in accessing higher education. Also the result established a significant relationship between stakeholders’ personal factors and Jamb in addressing challenges facing students accessing higher education. There is composite and relative contribution between stakeholders’ personal factors and Jamb in addressing challenges facing students accessing higher education. Recommendations were made on how to improve students accessing higher education in Nigeria.

As a developing country, Indonesians are still constrained by the use of digital-based technology. Based on the characteristics of geographic areas, digital discrepancy becomes an inevitable problem. So that in order to create an Information Society according to the agreement of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), collaboration between various parties is needed. One of the efforts made by the Indonesian government is to encourage the formation of the Information Society through the policy of forming Information and Communication Technology Volunteers (in Indonesia known as R-TIK/Indonesia ICT Volunteers) in various regions spread throughout Indonesia. This study aims to determine the activities of R-TIK in realizing the Information Society in Indonesia. The method used is descriptive qualitative, by conducting in-depth observations and participant observation with R-TIK activists, stakeholders, business actors (UMKM/SMMEs), and the community as R-TIK partners. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that R-TIK is able to encourage public awareness in the sustainable use of digital technology. Even R-TIK together with UMKM (SMMEs) have been able to push the rate of economic growth in Indonesia by utilizing digital technology under the name Qren.

Green supply chain management is attracting attention as a way to decrease the adverse environmental effects of industries worldwide. GSCM practices are considered as environmentally friendly practices, which include water efficiency, energy efficiency, waste management, environment conservation, recycling and reuse, toxic substance management and hazardous and optimization of transportation. However, considering the context of an emerging economy, green supply chain management is still in its inception and has not been widely embraced yet. In this research, the researcher demonstrated the important and the impact of Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) dimensions, firm practices and supply chain practices on the supply chain practices and the green supply chain adoption and the Supplier Relationship Management and Customer Relationship Management. This research aims to develop and understand a framework for different drivers and barriers that affect the green supply chain adoption in the process as well as identifying the role of TOE dimensions in enhancing the process. In this research, the researcher tried to provide a critical review and identify gaps in the literature related to GSCM, its drivers and barriers, GSCM adoption, and the TOE dimensions, develop an appropriate research methodology to collect and analyze data to address the research question. Empirically examine how all of the variables of the research are statistically related which are Customer Relationship, Supplier Relationship, Supplier Selection, Internal collaboration, Top Management Support, Green Supply Chain Management, Coercive Pressure, Normative Pressure, Mimetic Pressure, Market Pressure, Green purchasing, Barrier for GSCM, and Drivers for GSCM using the statistical tools. Critically discuss findings of current research, compare them to prior findings within the literature, Highlight the theoretical contributions and practical implications of the study, and identify limitations and areas for future research. The deduction approach has been utilized in this research as well as the quantitative method using structured questionnaire has been collected from 405 respondents. The research indicated that there is significant relationship between the environmental, organizational, and Technological dimensions and firm practices and supply chain practices, there is significant relationship between drivers, barriers and firm practices and supply chain practices and the green supply chain adoption. There is significant relationship between Green Supply Chain Adoption and both Supplier Relationship Management and Customer Relationship Management

This article presents a hypothetical set of facts that can be used as a device to analyze the workings of the Supreme Court, and the theories of judicial restraint, judicial activism and originalism. It also offers students an opportunity to analogize the facts of this case with Roe v. Wade and other Supreme Court decisions.

Access to healthcare is complex and varies across countries, regions, communities and individuals. The study aimed to assess the socioeconomic effects on household access to Primary Healthcare (PHC) facilities in selected riverine communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. Objectives of the study are to characterise the socioeconomic condition of households in the study area; determine the spatial distribution of PHC facilities in the study area, identify the effects of the socioeconomic conditions of households to access to PHC facilities in the selected riverine communities in the study area, and suggest appropriate policy measures to improve households access to PHC facilities and services in the study area. The study employed Mixed Methods Research (MMR) approach and sequential explanatory research design for data collection and analyses. The study employed simple random and purposive sampling techniques. A total of 400 respondents (households) were interviewed including key informants (government agencies and professionals) and Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for map analysis to show spatial distribution of PHC facilities in the study area. However, 328 questionnaires were considered valid for analysis of data. The study revealed, most of the households’ occupations are fishing, artisan and petty trading characterising low socioeconomic status. The study found PHC facilities are not evenly spatially distributed in the study area which has made households to use various available transport modes to access the facilities since the area is separated by creeks, rivers and sea. This has made travel time, distance and cost economically unfavourable to households in term of accessibility since they are relatively poor economically. The study has suggested the following recommendations including improvement of the socioeconomic status of households through education and vocational training programmes that will provide better employment opportunities, government should provide Mobile Healthcare programmes and services through water vessels and ambulances to reach remoted communities, proper study should be carried out to ascertain the population and their characteristics before locating PHC facilities for optimum utilisation, Smart Healthcare Services (SHCS) should be provided through Tele-Healthcare facilities to overcome distance and time, and government should collaborate with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and multinational to provide Mobile Healthcare services in riverine communities to reduce challenges of accessibility and cost on households.

The school as a social variable is an important driver and agent of change. At its heart is the curriculum, which gears the school of different teaching-learning experiences as well as supporting activities that also contribute to the overall school experience. Curriculum, as a knowledge, equates to the stakeholders transmitting the content developed to the learners; as a process, involves the stakeholders in the actual teaching-learning practice; and as a product, is what the students have been equipped with— knowledge, skills, and values. All approaches underpin the involvement of various stakeholders in the school as an organization. The relationship between curriculum and stakeholders has been sought out, however, in the deeper context of the unseen curriculum, it is yet to be properly scrutinized. This paper attempts to review the hidden relationship between the school as an organization and the curriculum. An implication and future direction are drawn out from the existing pieces of literature

Allen Ginsbergs poems with their paradoxical language and syntax are a literary commentary on anger, hopelessness and frustration of the American society in the 1950s. His poems work on the binary concept of this culture versus counter-culture and try to portray a suitable diatribe on the cultural issues which were disgusting in Ginsbergs mind. The present study looks for potentially malfunctioning sections of the language of his masterpiece “Howl” in order to argue that although attempted by the poet, there might be no organic unified without showing susceptibility to breakage and rupture. The study concludes that Ginsberg’s poetry strives hard to express a vehement lamentation in breath-length stanzas which often times decenters its own text and might raise multiple interpretations and provoke multiple lingual disorganizations.

When the Sri Lankan performing art was analysed, a clear-cut difference in gender-typed participation in dancing, singing, playing music, and the traditional rituals (such as Shanthi karma) can be identified. Furthermore, this research has found that gender roles in performance have evolved through time. It can be seen how the existence of -Hindu- Buddhist practices from Vijaya’s arrival to Sri Lanka in 543 BCE to the period of Portuguese who conquered Sri Lanka in 1505 CE takes a new facet in the colonial period and the post-colonial period blending with the European concepts. It can be analysed as follows, First, the changes occurred in masculinity, femininity, or the concepts of Tandava, and Lasya, then the rituals relating to concepts of Divinity in the pre-colonial period, then the changing constructs and perspectives regarding gender performances in the colonial period and the gender shifts and gender synthesis in the post-colonial period.

Blockchain is a new innovative technology that offers various benefits to society because it can be applied in various industries, including the financial industry. Several issues have arisen concerning sukuk practices in Malaysia, some of which are default payments, ambiguous risks, publishing process, lengthy transactions and high costs. In line with the digitalisation era, blockchain technology has the capability to improve the present sukuk structure in Malaysia by applying its characteristics to make the sukuk structure more efficient because sukuk plays an important role in a nation’s development and progress. However, sukuk is vulnerable to various risks. Therefore, this study is a preliminary survey aimed at identifying issues pertaining to sukuk, capability of blockchain technology and how this technology can complement the structuring of sukuk in Malaysia. This qualitative literature review study used the document analysis method to collect data. Findings show that the blockchain technology’s characteristics enables it to improve the structure of sukuk as well as complement and become a new addition to the Islamic capital market in Malaysia. This study hopes to contribute to the existing corpus of knowledge in all levels of society, especially those directly involved in sukuk, so that the sukuk market continues to expand with the times as well as contribute to the nation’s progress and comply with Shariah principles.

Several films today include the narratives of Muslim communities. Due to the vast array of movies on the subject, Muslim communities’ representation has opened many representations and interpretations, whether positive or negative. The independent film “Women of the Weeping River” (WOTWR), by Sheron Dayoc, is one of the many indie films in the Philippines that includes the Muslim community. Using the lenses of Stuart Hall (1997) “Theory of Representation,” the researchers focused on how producers utilize elements of the film in crafting their representations towards cultural groups. This study focuses on this film to elaborate the potential of independent cinema in terms of minorities and highlight social issues. In the case of WOTWR, the study also emphasizes how the Muslim community throughout the film also portrays Islamic women and the film’s influence regarding the formation of viewers’ perspectives towards the selected cultural group. Through an analysis of WOTWR, this study also aims to discuss how indie films can break away and are capable of breaking away and alluding to mainstream cinema milestones. Several frameworks like Yihan Wang’s “Ethnic Boundary and Literature/Image Representation,” Mark B. Feldman and Hsuan L. Hsu’s “Introduction: Race, Environment, and Representation,” and Karin Hamm-Ehsani’s “Intersections: Issues of National, Ethnic, and Sexual Identity in Kutlug Ataman’s Berlin Film Lola und Bilidikid,” were utilized in close reading, providing the reader with several perspectives. The study proved that independent film such as WOTWR is a powerful tool when it comes to representation because of having the privilege of autonomy.

Background: The nursing shortage increases as large populations of working bedside nurses retire. In order to replace those positions, prelicensure nursing programs must continue to graduate prepared nursing students. While prelicensure programs continue to produce future nurses, the graduation numbers are not high enough to combat the future shortage due to high attrition rates from prelicensure nursing programs. Method: Senior associate degree nursing students, traditional bachelors degree nursing students, and accelerated bachelor degree nursing students participated in the study. A modified version of the College Persistence Questionnaire was used. Results: Findings indicated no significance difference among prelicensure student perceptions of persistence in the six areas on the College Persistence Questionnaire. Prelicensure nursing students ranked degree commitment, institutional commitment, scholastic conscientiousness, and support services above the mean BISR question rank. Conclusion: To increase graduates, prelicensure nursing programs need to evaluate students who have been successful throughout the program.

The Law on General Provisions and Procedures for Taxation (UU KUP) does not regulate the confiscation of convicted assets in lieu of fines as well as criminal confinement in lieu of fines. This led to a different opinion among the judges in handing down the verdict, thus causing legal uncertainty. The method used in this writing uses a type of normative legal research, with a statute approach and case approach, using primary legal materials, by collecting data on a library research basis, then analyzed using qualitative methods. Judges in imposing criminal substitute fines in the field of taxation there are two different opinions in the courts decision, namely: First, the verdict that directly substantiates the seizure of criminal property if the convicted does not pay the fine; Second, directly subsiste the confinement in lieu of fines if the convict does not pay the fine, without confiscating the property of the convicted. Criminal confinement in lieu of fines refers to Article 30 and Article 31 of the Penal Code (KUHP).

The present study aims to identify the encouraging and deterrent forces in tourism development, and appropriate strategies were organized and prioritized. In this way, the encouraging and deterrent forces are first identified and then prioritized according to the ANP method. In the second stage, using the model PIP, the most appropriate development strategies for sustainable tourism in the Mazandaran province was developed for the most important forces. Finally, for prioritization, systems establish a pairwise comparison between approaches formulated based on research sub-criteria. Besides, the research results showed that creating jobs and increasing property prices are the most important among the encouraging and deterrent forces. Among the strategies presented, strategy (A-1) with a coefficient of 0/0823 emphasizes optimal and purposeful use of increasing motivation travel among people to take advantage of tourist attractions and products to create employment and income for the provinces people suggested as the best strategy.

The current research investigates the use of collocations in students’ academic writings to obtain information about the popular types of collocations they use, the collocational errors, and the sources of errors. The design of the study is a qualitative research which employed document analysis as the instrument to collect data. 50 students were the population and the samples as well. The results show that students have a tendency of using Type 1 (Verb-Noun) and Type 2 (Adjective-Noun) collocations more than the other types. With regard to the collocational errors, it is noted that Type 1 and Type 2 are also the top types in which students make mistakes. Additionally, verbs and adjectives are the main parts that students mostly have problems with. On examining the sources of errors, the researcher found five causes including approximation, the ignorance of rule restriction, negative transfer, the use of synonyms, and false concept hypothesized. Among these error sources, negative transfer is the most important factor leading to students’ collocational errors.

This study aims to discuss issues regarding what is the role and authority of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia ? What is the process for examining complaints at the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia ? How is the strength of the Ombudsman Recommendation of the Republic of Indonesia in the effort to realize good governance ? The research method used in this research is normative juridical , using secondary legal data obtained through literature study. The results showed that The Ombudsman is a state institution that has the authority to supervise the implementation of public services externally, both those organized by state administrators and the government. The adjudication process by the Ombudsman in resolving public service disputes is only one of several possibilities for resolving public service disputes. The imposition of administrative sanctions for those who ignore the Ombudsman Recommendation shows that basically the Ombudsman is an institution that can actually carry out its function as a supervisory agency.

This paper deals with the factors of reading and behaviors skills by the teaching of language courses to students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the pandemic period covid-19. Methodologically, in parallel with the bibliographical study, used the pedagogical tool, which is referred to the Targeted Individual Structured and Integrated Program for Students with Special Educational needs (TISIPfSEN), in south region of Peloponnese to 15 boys on average 13,8 years old. The students’ reading behavior was recorded in manuscript and electronically protocols via mobile phone according the special education and training (SET). In addition, the views of those involved (19 parents, 28 teachers and 38 adults who work in the five educational care additional study centers) were sought with short questionnaires. The data were analyzed according the fundamental scientific knowledge.

Many cases of sexual crimes against children are happening in society nowadays. Such as cases of sexual violence against children who are victims of pedophilia, cases of rape, cases of rape, and murder. This makes Indonesia an emergency for sexual crimes against children. The research method used was normative juridical. The research specification used was to describe the existing problem (descriptive-analytical), while the data collection method used was library research and documents to be analyzed descriptively-analytically, namely literature and document studies. Indonesia has become a sexual emergency with various cases of sexual crimes against children. To tackle cases of sexual crimes against children, the government made a new regulation with the addition of an additional punishment in the form of castration. The additional punishment of castration against perpetrators of sexual crimes against children is regulated in Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2016 concerning Child Protection (Perppu on Castration) Second Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Protection Child.

In the beginning of Coronavirus(Covid-19) outbreak at the end of 2019, distance e-learning has prevailedafter the schools were closed. The present study aims to investigate distance e-learning among teachers and students through their access to distance e-learning, as well as factors that enhance e-learning in distance, such as electronic homework, virtual classrooms, chats, online content, and educational activities. The studys sample consisted of 14897 students and 1,545 teachers at 89 schools in Al Qunfudah city in Saudi Arabia, of which 53 were schools for girls, and 36 were schools for boys. A quantitative methodology was employed in deductive approach, and secondary data were analysed using R software to calculate t-test to found means, p-value, degree of freedom and also present the data in charts. The results show that male teachers and students have greater access to distance e-learning than female teachers and students but the study also found that there was no statistical significance between male and female students in the use of electronic homework and virtual classrooms. However, there is a statistical significance in that girls use more educational activities than boys.

What is heuristics? The methods of imagination that prepares for invention and discovery, by accepting that all arguments are good if they can succeed in achieving the proposed goals. A principle is deemed to be heuristic, therefore, when it is considered not on the basis of the truth it supports but by the fact that it contributes wholly or partly to the realisation of some project. In order to compose a work, the creator has a certain number of dominant ideas, which function as pivots or fixed points around which the piece develops. The value of these ideas, which sometimes take the form of theories borrowed from the physical or mathematical sciences, is justified a posteriori, by the realisation of the works that emerge from them, and not a priori: the experimental or logical truth of what they assert, even if confirmed by experimental reality, is put here in brackets. These principles count as opinions for the composer; they are the heuristic principles of creation. The aim of this paper is to analyse the principles that operate as the driving force behind the creation of Boulez and Xenakis.

Money politics is directly related to corruption crime since it has an element of bribery that can harm state finances if the doer occupies his political office. Money politics occurs during political campaigns until general elections day. Indonesian electoral law or regulation have not included money politics in corruption crime. This research examined and deeply discussed how the formulation of money politics crime in current election, what are the legal issues in election crimes, and how the reformulation of money politics in electoral law as a corruption criminal act. This study used a normative-juridicial research method. Based on this research results, it is known that the formulation of money politics crime in current election can only be interpreted implicitly. Legal issues in election crimes are still rampant today as exemplified by the author through political crime cases in regional and legislative elections. The reformulation can be carried out by including a corruption clause as special offense in electoral law.

This paper intends to explicate the novel ‘The Queens Gambit’ by Walter Tevis with a new historicist lens to explore the complex layers of politics of representation and power relations with a view to produce a close -reading of issues like contemporary (Mid-20th century, 1950s and 1960s) socio-political and cultural context of America, Cold War, Communism, Christianity, Capitalism, Atheism, critical racial issues, western concept of beauty as well as moral values and beliefs, considering not only the literary discourse but other non-literary cultural productions and forms like visual discourse (TV, movies) and sports, in this context, Chess. The paper has adopted new historicist theoretical framework to shed light also on the biographical, historical, socio-political and cultural contexts of when the novel was written and published (Mid-1970s and published in 1983). The temporal and spatial setting of the novel, mid-20th century and Kentucky, America have also been analyzed from the same theoretical framework. The objective of this paper is explorative and analytical in nature in its reading of the novel, by applying exegesis in the form of content analysis and textual analysis. The paper has also drawn substantially from cultural studies, research methods like close reading of visual materials and other non-literary cultural productions. Institutional analysis and ideology critique approach has been used to critically analyze how the orphanage (Methuen Home) has been portrayed and represented and what impressions it gives about the nature and operation of power dynamics and dominant ideologies within the orphanage and also in the larger context of America.

Based on Presidential Instruction Number 7 of 2015, the Indonesian Prosecutors Office deems it necessary to provide assistance to relevant government officials in terms of development acceleration and strategic national development programs. In addition, the Indonesian Attorney Generals Office as a law enforcement agency has a role in supporting the success of national government and regional governance and development through escort and security, both in planning, implementing and utilizing development outcomes, including efforts to prevent state irregularities and losses. The establishment of TP4D in Semarang Regency, as an effort to be able to prevent the occurrence of Corruption Crime (Tipikor), mainly related to Village Fund Financial Management (APB Desa). In the effort to prevent Tipikor in managing APBDesa often faced with internal problems of the Village Government, among others: low levels of devotion, low ethics and integrity, egoistic behavior, low professionalism. While those related to external problems, among others: the first factor of the government administration system, in the form of: regulations that are still overlapping, sectoral and institutional selfishness, limited internal supervision, development of HR management is still limited. The second is related to cultural factors, among others: the existence of a culture of "tired money / facilitation money" as an additional income for the apparatus, an attitude of reluctance, and a shift in social and economic values. The strategy that has been carried out by the Semarang District Government and the Village Government in suppressing the occurrence of corruption in APBDesa management, namely, among others: strengthening the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) institutions, monitoring planning, implementation and accountability, conducting APBDesa information disclosure, and increasing HR Village Apparatus

No religion is recognized in Indonesia that allows euthanasia to be carried out. Because indeed an action in English called mercy killing or murder based on mercy can also be said to be contradictory to its name, where in carrying out the manifestation of mercy it is precisely what is done is to take the life of man, the gift of the Almighty and should be respected and guarded. Formulation of Article 344 of the Criminal Code concerning euthanasia has a weakness, among others: The existence of elements: at the request of the person himself expressed with sincerity, which makes it difficult to prove and prosecute. Article 344 of the Criminal Code is about active euthanasia, whereas the law of passive euthanasia is not regulated. Delict euthanasia is an ordinary offense, and is not an offense, so it is demanded the tenacity and sharpness of the investigating apparatus and investigators to reveal whether an act of euthanasia has been committed.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze what can happen to us from a philosophical point of view every time we are face with new situations and every time we have to make another choice that might not be placed into our comfort zone. Despite the fact each individual is different and we have our own personality and our own points of view and despite the fact that there are no two people who think the same one thing is sure: no one likes to be thrown into an unknown context. Throughout this journey called life even though we do not want it to happened we are oh fun faced with the unknown. How we deal with the new experiences that we are encountering Will be what makes us or what breaks us. It is up to us to make the best with what we have or at least that’s what we think or like to think. Maybe not all the questions will be answered with this paper but I hope that I can at least set of common ground and start exploring what lies beneath our choices.

In principle, the retail market can be interpreted as a place of business in which there is a mechanism between retail traders and final consumers of certain goods in small (amount) parties. According to its development, this market is divided into two major parts, namely the modern retail market and the traditional retail market The modern retail market, in which there is a supervisory task carried out by government agencies, namely the Trade Service in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number 70 / M-DAG / PER / 12/2013 concerning Guidelines for Structuring and Fostering Traditional Markets, which later on this supervision can maintain the existence of grocery stalls that are starting to lose out to modern minimarkets.

The Niger Delta has been a cauldron of restiveness and violent conflicts. Most of these conflicts result from the failure of the multinational corporations operating in the region to adequately discharge their Corporate Social Responsibility to the people. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility as the panacea for the restiveness and conflict in the region as we as the crucial role the mass media have to play in assisting the corporate organisations to effectively discharge their obligations to the people. It is propounded here that failure to disseminate relevant information in this regard has led to mistrust and misunderstanding which eventually culminate in restiveness and conflict. The role of the media is therefore equally examined. The paper discovers that the media are constrained in the performance of this role. These constraints are presented and ways of tackling them are proffered.

Contemporary debates on bioethical issues have tended to remain generally inconclusive and this is due in part to the fact that these issues are differentially perceived and interpreted across different indigenous cultural and ethical worldviews. These issues are cross-culturally evaluated using culture specific normative parameters and therefore reflect values that are culturally relative and diverse. These debates often portray stark disagreements between views that advocate for divergent or contradictory positions on central bioethical issues. This article, while contemplating the present and projected advances in genetic and reproductive technologies that soar beyond the traditional medical goals of healing disease and relieving suffering - coupled with the many negative consequences therein contained, attempts to give an African touch to the debates by rethinking them through the parameters of African indigenous cultural norms and values. This article employs the comparative approach to explain disagreements between western philosophical anthropologies and African philosophical anthropologies, differences that account for their divergent approaches to bioethical issues and their differential understandings of how human dignity can be respected and preserved. Western Moral Philosophy is driven by the attempt to sharply distinguish persons from the rest of the cosmos, and then to identify the ways in which they must be treated; on the contrary, the traditional African approach is different, a difference which stems from her very conception of the human person and how he or she relates with the environment. In an age in which we have become dangerously separated from our bodies - human nature itself lying on the operating table - ready for changes to be enacted upon , for eugenic and neuro-psychic enhancement in Africa, we argue for the African world’s understanding of man which opens man to who he really is, man as a corporate being in the world, with social responsibility towards others and towards the world. According to James Nelson, the job of bioethics is to assess in what respects prevailing or proposed health care policies, practices and institutions are morally defensible. As such, health care, the major object of bioethics study, requests that good moral reasoning should revolve around four main components namely, accurate empirical beliefs, defensible moral values, clarity about relevant concepts and finally, formally valid argumentation. The consequences are obvious: a more controlled and dignifying way of handling human beings in the arena of experimentation and a stronger belief in the fact that the human being also transcends the categories of time and space and is not merely a thing that can be tampered with.

Law enforcement in administrative law which is used to control government policies that seek to realize legal ideals in order to create justice and peace in the life of society, nation and state. This study uses a normative juridical method. The results of the study concluded that administrative law enforcement in the implementation of urban spatial planning for permits issued by the government, includes supervision and enforcement of sanctions. Administrative sanctions generally have an institutional function, namely controlling prohibited acts. In addition, administrative sanctions are primarily aimed at protecting interests that are guarded by violated provisions.

The MTA provides for a contractual agreement between a provider and recipient of the material which content the rights and obligations of all parties, including third parties. In international law, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and FAO International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPRFA) provides mandate to Contracting Parties have to enact laws and adopt policies regarding the MTA for negotiation between the recipient and provider of access to genetic resources based on profit-sharing agreement. Regulation MTA in Indonesia is covered in the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture under Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture No. 15/Permentan/OT.140/3/2009 on Guidelines for Preparation of Material Transfer Agreement and Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 657/Menkes/Per/VIII/2009 on Delivery and Use of Clinical Specimens, Biological Materials and Content the information. This article aims to examine the provisions of MTA under international laws and Indonesian law, it will analyze to what extent MTA set out in Regulation of the Indonesian Minister of Agriculture No. 15/Permentan/OT.140/3/2009 and Indonesian Minister of Health No. 657/Menkes/Per/VIII/2009. Then this study will also give suggestion for additional terms due to any weaknesses of MTA regulations in Indonesia. MTA regulations provides many benefits for Indonesia as a state provider, especially in terms of the protection of intellectual property rights. Provider can cooperate to research and development on food, agriculture and health, with domestic or foreign researcher, providers gain benefit sharing on the sale or lisence of products produced from the contracted material. For local communities also gain profit from its commercialization of the collection or invention of material obtained in the region owned by local communities. Yet, the MTA regulations is considered can inhibit the development of research and invention, costly. MTA provision that allow the recipient to distribute the genetic material and its derivates to other parties raises possibility violation by the recipient and also will arise conflict on the third party. According to MTA regulations, the provider difficult to monitor and control the implementation of the agreement. Thus, It needs to be more detailed arrangements regarding intellectual property protection to limit the use of the transferred material, also need to be set separated on benefit sharing when both parties negotiate of MTA.

The implementation of direct regional head elections in the regions often raises disputes regarding the determination of the results of the vote. Efforts made by candidates who are dissatisfied with this determination are to submit a cancellation to the judicial institution. The update on the system for resolving the election results was carried out by the government to overcome this problem, namely the Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1 of 2014. Problems discussed in this study include: how the dispute resolution mechanism was issued before the regulation, what updates are contained in the regulation how to achieve effective and fair election outcome dispute resolution. This study is a normative legal research that is descriptive in nature using a legal and analytical approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the fundamental renewal lies with the institution authorized to handle, namely from the Constitutional Court to the High Court appointed by the Supreme Court. The author recommends that the renewal must be supported by technical regulations to ensure effectiveness and fulfill a sense of justice. Based on this research, the results show that the dynamics of the shifting of dispute resolution authority over the election results are influenced by the decision of the MK opened legally policy and the background of certain events. Namely: the problem of bribery that ensnares the judge, decisions that are considered controversial, case accumulation, and unpreparedness of institutional structure and infrastructure. Regarding the threshold requirements as a condition for receiving a dispute over a dispute over the results of a regional election, it has not yet supported the fulfillment of electoral / election justice. Because it has the potential to ignore aspects of substantive justice, mainly because it does not make the facts of the violations structured, systematic and massive (TSM) as a variable in examining cases. This neglect is not in line with one of the universally adopted principles of law and justice, which states that no one can benefit from irregularities and violations committed by himself and no one may be harmed by irregularities and violations committed by others (nullus / nemo commodum capere potes de injuria sua propria).

State defense threats that arise as a result of the development of the global, regional and national strategic environment also include social conflicts that are still widely found in various parts of Indonesia. The preparation of a national defense strategy from an early age is very much needed to face the worst possibility and the government must hold a total war. The involvement of all national resources is needed including human resources, social conflict is a serious problem in the development of the defense force, so a solution must be found. This paper uses a phenomenological qualitative descriptive method and the theory of defense policy implementation by Lukman Yudho Prakoso to analyze the current problems. The research results show that there is still a need to carry out good handling in handling social conflicts that are integrated, can communicate interactively between entities, and implement transparent, controlled and accountable activities. So that the conclusion can be formulated that it is necessary to instill the value of State defense in handling social conflicts, so that it is hoped that awareness will arise in the community for responsibility in defending the State. Another conclusion is that a strategy is needed to build the best network and the involvement of an entity that functions as a Driver Force for handling social conflicts in supporting military campaign strategies.

Although it has a rich and ancient history, India is a fairly new state. This subcontinent is the second most crowded country in the world. In administrative terms, it consists of 28 states and seven union regions. While Hindi and English are the official languages, 22 regional languages are spoken in different states. India has been the birth place of four religions; Hinduism,approximately, ( 80 % of the population, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Nearly 14 % of the population) belongs to Islam, thus composing the worlds largest Muslim minority population. Despite such diversity, serious domestic and international conflicts, high poverty and illiteracy rates, India has successfully maintained to be a democratic state until present time. India has the fourth largest army in the world. According to George Friedman, the Indian army has three major functions. The first is to balance Pakistan, the second is to protect the northern border from Chinese invasion. The last, but not the least, is to keep the nations internal security (1). The Indian economy is growing at an average rate of 7 % and is the second in world agricultural production. The service and automotive industry, software exporting,electronic trade, start-up business are the main sectors that contribute to economy. Birth control, air pollution, unemployment, regional and individual income imbalances are the major idomestic problems to be overcome. Samuel P. Huntington argues that in the post-Cold War era, seven or eight major blocs were formed, such as the West, Islam, Ortodox Civilization, the Confucius Civilization, the Hindu Civilization, the Buddhist Civilization, Japan, and the Latin American Civilization. He also claims that most of the worlds great civilizations have a leader or core state. Russia, India, China, Japan and the USA are the leading states of their civilizations (2). Such remarks highlight the importance of India. Turkey is a country located in near East,at the intersection of three continents. It has a population of 83 million and is the worlds 18th big economy. Turkish Republic was established nearly a century ago as a secular, nation state following the collapse of six century old, religious-based Ottoman Empire. Turkey has been a NATO memberfor 69 years. A vast majority of the population is Muslim and of which, 74 % is Sunni.Turkey ranks as the 11th military power in the world.The political system is multi-party democratic parliamentary system, although there have been two military coups in the last six decades. Major political conflicts and civil wars in neighboring countries pose serious security, humanitarian, economic and social problems for Turkey.

In this article author reveals new types of revolutionary method of teaching, especially offered by jadid scholars. Also this article shows the ways of scrutining new teaching skills to the out-of date education and analyzed both its advantageous and disadvantageous sides.

The article considers advertising pragmatics of contemporary media for polylingualism and polyculturalism as the urgent need for advertising information about different types of goods has become a prerequisite for the development and dissemination of a hybrid type of text – advertising text, announcement of things or services. The research aims at the functional specifics of advertising texts in polycultural and polylingual contexts, among which is a variety of publications and outdoor advertising. To achieve the objective, it is important to consider the goals (set tasks) associated with the research questions. They are: (i) to outline the presentation patterns of trademarks and define the essence of the advertising text in the poly-lingual context, (ii) to determine the pragmatic direction of advertising texts of modern media, accounting for the discursive-functional aspects, (iii) to trace manifestation of multiculturalism and/or polyculturalism and polylingualism of the advertising text as a non-standard type of text. It is stated advertising slogan is a communicative message that has a pragmatic instruction to convey true information about the subject of advertising to the largest number of people in order to encourage them to take action - to use and purchase the advertised product. The slogan is focused primarily on achieving the maximum pragmatic effect: to present the brand, distribute the advertised products, actually sell the product, and even forcibly impose it on a potential consumer. It is found the following aspects are clearly combined, which logically represent the advertising text as a non-standard object of linguistic description in the polylingual cultures: 1) polylingual components:introduction into the advertising message of linguistic facts by different types of fonts, a combination of natural and unnatural semiotic systems (signs, drawings, symbols), introduction to the text of visuals; 2) multicultural and/or polycultural components.